Maintaining a Remington 870 requires a methodical approach to cleaning, ensuring the shotgun operates reliably shot after shot. This process involves more than just running a patch through the barrel; it demands attention to the action, the moving parts, and the metal surfaces. A thorough cleaning removes fouling, protects against corrosion, and extends the life of your firearm, making it a non-negotiable step for any responsible owner.
Safety First and Field Stripping
Before you begin any cleaning procedure, you must treat every firearm as if it is loaded. Verify the chamber and magazine tube are empty by physically looking into them and keeping your finger off the trigger. Only then should you proceed to field strip the shotgun. This initial step involves releasing the magazine cap, removing the magazine tube, and extracting the action assembly from the receiver. Keeping these components organized as you go prevents confusion when it is time to reassemble the 870.
Cleaning the Barrel
The barrel is the most critical component to address, as it accumulates the majority of the residue. Start by attaching a solvent-soaked patch to your cleaning rod and pushing it through the bore from the breech end. Allow the solvent to break down the carbon and powder fouling for several minutes before running a dry patch through until it comes out clean. For a deep clean, using a bronze bore brush with a proper fit will scrub the rifling grooves, but you should always finish with patches to remove the abrasive residue left by the brush.
Attention to the Action and Components
The Bolt and Locking Lugs
The Remington 870’s action is robust, but the small components inside require careful attention. After applying solvent, scrub the bolt face and the locking lugs with a brush to dislodge hardened carbon. These friction surfaces are vital to the smooth operation of the shotgun, and neglecting them can lead to rough cycling or failure to lock. Wipe down all metal parts with a lightly oiled patch to displace any remaining moisture and create a protective layer against rust.
Lubrication and Reassembly
Once the metal is clean, the final phase is lubrication. You do not need to drown the action in oil; a light film is sufficient. Apply a quality gun oil to the rails, the bolt lugs, and the contact points of the action. Over-lubrication attracts dust and grit, which can turn into an abrasive paste over time. With the components treated, reverse your field-stripping steps to reassemble the 870, ensuring the safety mechanism cycles freely and the magazine tube locks into place securely.
The External Finish and Long-Term Care
While the internal mechanisms are the priority, the external finish protects the shotgun from the elements. Wipe down the stock and metal receiver with a clean, slightly damp cloth to remove any fingerprints or residual solvent. If your 870 has a blued finish, a dedicated gun metal polish can be used sparingly to restore its luster without harming the underlying metal. For synthetic stocks, a simple wipe-down with mild soap and water is all that is necessary to keep the surface looking new.
Regular cleaning sessions transform maintenance from a chore into a routine check of your equipment. By following these steps, you ensure that your Remington 870 remains a dependable tool, whether you are at the range or in the field. Consistent care preserves the value of the shotgun and guarantees that it functions exactly as designed when you need it most.
